Learn About Our State Tree, Douglas Fir
- Binomial Name: Pseudotsuga Menziesii
- Soil Type: Tolerant of most soil types
- Sunlight: Shade intolerant to moderately shade tolerant, thrives in full sun
- Plant Type: Medium to large tree
- Form: Cone to cylindrical shape
- Foliage: Evergreen
- Fruit/Flower: Cones
Named after Scottish botanist David Douglas in 1820, the Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) is one of North America’s most iconic and ecologically significant coniferous trees. Despite its name, it is not a true fir (genus Abies), but rather belongs to its own genus, Pseudotsuga, meaning “false hemlock.” This towering evergreen is revered for its strength, longevity, and versatility. Native to western North America, ranging from British Columbia down through the Pacific Northwest and into Mexico.
There are two main varieties:
- Coastal Douglas-fir (P. menziesii var. menziesii): Found in moist, coastal regions and
- Rocky Mountain Douglas-fir (P. menziesii var. glauca): Grows in drier, inland areas.
Douglas-firs are easily recognized by their thick, furrowed bark and distinctive cones, which have three-pointed bracts that resemble the hind legs and tail of a mouse—a feature often referenced in folklore.
The Douglas-fir is more than just a tree—it’s a cornerstone of western North American forests, a symbol of natural resilience, and a resource of immense ecological and economic value. Whether towering in ancient groves, used as a Christmas tree, or grown in managed forests, the Douglas-fir continues to inspire awe and respect.
This native plant has been brought to you by the City of Beaverton’s Landscape & Urban Forestry Dept.
